Apple and Samsung Sales Management †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Talk about the Apple and Samsung Sales Management. Answer: Apple and Samsung are two of the market head organizations in the cell phone advertise. Mac practices on PCs and telephones plans and programming while Samsung adventure is in an assortment of electronic items, for example, telephones, coolers, clothes washers, PCs and so forth. Samsung has presented ten fold the number of telephones as Apple Company. In the ongoing past apple has been delivering brands that exceed the restraining infrastructure that Samsung has been getting a charge out of in the market. Samsung is acceptable in gaining from their rivals while apple gains from their clients. Apple Company has in excess of 400 stores on the planet. Samsung has received the procedure of banding together with retailers to make their deals. This has seen Samsung make numerous progressive deals in many pieces of the world. The Apple Company has been seen as a main cell phone innovation organization. Its crown has been competed by numerous makers. Apple presented highlights that are valuable for clients with little fingers and short hand. Samsung deals have been significantly helped by the achievement of the note and cosmic system arrangement telephones presented in the market. Despite the fact that Apple is an American based organization and Samsung is a South Korean organization, they have recorded high number of deals everywhere throughout the world. Apple records the most elevated deals in USA however Samsung records a higher number everywhere throughout the world Samsung and apple organizations have put vigorously in research to build up the most suitable current innovation. This has been supported by the association with different organizations. The two organizations have put the nature of their items in the cutting edge causing their item to exceed different organizations items. These organizations are continually passing on and altering their item to catch the client consideration in the cell phone advertise. References Tang, L. C. (2009). U.S. Patent No. D589,375. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. Katz, J. E., Aakhus, M. (Eds.). (2002). Ceaseless contact: Mobile correspondence, private talk, open execution. Cambridge University Press. https://www.google.com/amp/s/amp.businessinsider.com/samsung-versus apple-system iphone-cell phone income outline 2017-2 https://www.investopedia.com/articles/markets/102714/how-apple-and-samsung-look at and-coexist.asp https://dsim.in/blog/2017/01/28/contextual analysis apple-versus samsung-a-clash of-advertising pertinence/

Cultural Challenges That Influence Multinational Operations

Question: Talk about the Cultural Challenges That Influence Multinational Operations. Answer: Presentation This report will significantly harp on Subway Company. Tram is a drive-through joint that has its beginning from The United States of America. (Sinha, 2017, 29) it has the greater part of its branches everywhere throughout the world and one of them being in India. The drive-thru eatery bargains in selling servings of mixed greens and submarine sandwiches. The drive-through joint has its proprietors being the Doctors Associates and is among the most known drive-through joints on the planet that is in a consistent quick development. The café has its central station. Tram brand turns into the biggest brand on the planet. Its menu changes from nation to nation contingent for the most part upon where strict necessities are available. The eatery has its worldwide base camp in Milford, Connecticut. The primary item offered by metro is the submarine sandwich. Different items offered by tram are: - servings of mixed greens, Paninis and furthermore wraps. Prepared products are additionally present in any metro outlet. There are different advantages and confinements that accompanies setting up an inexpensive food I a specific nation thinking about financial, social, political and in particular as will be examined later in the report, the social elements. The examination shows the different difficulties that tram experiences being a global organization across fringes. The report in general shows how Multinationalism are progressively on the ascent. (Schatzker Bloomberg News (Firm), 2013, 10) This is achieved by decent variety both as far as information and new ways to deal with business. With regards to culture different global associations face a few disadvantages in its tasks with regards to the overall market. Motivation behind report The motivation behind this report is to respond to the inquiry on social difficulties that impact worldwide tasks. Inspects how the difficulties can be overcomed and different manners by which the tram organization is battling this difficulties. The tram organization is utilized as a kind of perspective organization for this exploration. Degree The development of the multinationals firms not just flagged a key changes during the 90s yet its development has its significance to the general public, biological and social structure of the world. Despite the fact that there are different difficulties that influence this global firms, they despite everything make progress toward progress Different Issues Side effects of issues In the organization being referred to, metro drive-thru eatery, there are sure signs that show that the organization is confronting difficulties in its tremendous activities globally. (Ribeiro, 2015, 12) Signs, for example, low client level, low net revenue and low nearness of labor. Ramifications of issues This issues just imply that the organization will experience misfortunes. The fame of the specific cheap food will go down and this can at times lead to conclusion of the organization. Recognizable proof of issues At the point when the client level goes down, the cheap food organization ought to understand that what they are offering isn't enjoyed by the vast majority of the individuals from when where they are working. Support of issues This sort of issues that are in included are normally advocated by the way that they cause harm to the organization. At the point when they happen typical working of the organization goes down. Anticipated outcomes and arrangement At the point when issues of danger are seen in an organization and particularly one that manages quick nourishments then they can result to conclusion of the business. At the point when this issues are distinguished they ought to be illuminated right away. (IEEE Annual Computing and Communication Workshop and Conference, IEEE Las Vegas Section,, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 2017, 76) Conversation/examination of the report Culture alludes to people groups method of living, essentially the sort of standards that are acknowledged and partaken in a specific culture. (Nichols, 2017, 111) There are three territories whereby that can show how culture influences global organizations. This are correspondence, behavior and the convention of the association. Shift is seen in various nations as indicated by what is acknowledged and what is proficient. One of the quickest developing economies on the planet is the Indian economy. This is as it has expanding remote organizations on the ascent in its area. There are different advantages that accompany working together in India and then again challenges are likewise there. One of the significant supporters of the difficulties are the social difficulties. This difficulties can make significant misfortunes the organization in general. (Conference), In Rayadurgam, In Tkachuk, 2016, 16)To maintain a strategic distance from the different difficulties comprehension of the way of life of Indian social and business culture. Coming up next are the social difficulties that impact global activities. Political elements These are different concerns especially in the administration strategies and different manners by which organization happens. The political factors at that point influence the guideline of worldwide worker's guilds. When there is political strength then worldwide organizations become smooth as far as dealing with. Political agitation prompts conclusion of a portion of the worldwide organizations. Monetary components The requests for merchandise in the worldwide market is subject to the financial development rate. The monetary development rate can be high on certain nations and simultaneously be low in some different nations. This elements are put across while setting up worldwide organizations. (Mente Recorded Books, Inc, 2014, 143) Innovative elements The determinant of worldwide organizations around the globe can likewise be controlled by the accessibility of innovation in the immense regions. This primarily alludes to the specific host nations. The kind of staff in this specific nations ought to have experienced through preparing. The availability of the specific nation likewise ought to be an issue of concern. This makes the organizations to follow an advanced method of activity. (Lewens, 2015, 12) Social elements Social elements religion and culture are among the principle social factors that influence the worldwide market as far as the nature of item or administrations and furthermore utilitarian highlights of the business. Social impacts in India that impact global tasks At the point when reference is put to India the accompanying social difficulties influence the global tasks in the business advertise. This shows the sort of societies depicted by the individuals of India. (Kumar, 2010, 19)The tram cheap food organization turns into the focal point of study as it is an American organization situated in India. The social difficulties at that point include: - Disposition towards power High significance and a high status is put on the expert in India. This is a direct result of the way that the underlying foundations of Indian starting point is followed to Hinduism. The kind of correspondence in various levels is nearly shut. Proposals from lower representatives won't be shared by their bosses regardless of how significant they are. Business ought to comprehend this factor and think of manners by which it very well may be chopped down to suit the specific organization. (Kelly, 2017, 17) The social standards directs how representatives in the center or junior levels feels in understanding to how they feel communicating their perspectives, asking the administration on different choices that are made in the association. This shows the different manners by which distinctive work force have various jobs is a specific association. This can show that the individuals in lower position show a great deal of regard to those in senior positions. The associations that intends to work together in India ought to endeavor to achieve change in the general public. (Keller, 2017, 20)Subway Company battles with this test and the significant preferred position is that the pace of assorted variety regarding the organization workforce is high and this accommodates various individuals from various sources to meet up. This makes the Indian culture to by one way or another be weakened and subsequently causing the organization to have an alternate view on both the senior workers and the lesse r ones. This gets an equalization the work environment of thoughts, order and consultancy rate. Time ideas The way of life of India is alluded to as a polychromic. This implies the needs of various individuals change at various occasions. (Jovine, 2015, 38) It implies then that their needs for the most part change contingent upon the significance and dependability mentalities go to be loose sooner or later. Most associations and especially metro organization is normally severe on the guidelines of reliability and making of cutoff times to specific endeavors. The dynamic procedure is generally of a specific time allotment and this adds to the achievement of such associations. Metro tends to this issue by utilizing distinctive faculty from various states and there making the way of life of polychromic to go down. In spite of the fact that this despite everything stays to be a test on the grounds that the greater part of its workforce are individuals of the Indian starting point. Adherence to rules India has made a general public that sudden spikes in demand for suspicions that are set in a specific way. In various nations of the world principles and guidelines are the significant determinants of the everyday endurance except this is an alternate case in India as manners and standards turns into the significant determinants. The manner by which rules and guidelines contain a low degree of adherence causes it to have various difficulties on the financial market. (Green, 2017, 65) This causes setting to up of organizations in India hard for prerequisite is to adhere to the standards and guidelines of the nation of origin. Tram Company faces this as one of the difficulties that happen to it on the everyday tasks. Corpulence approach control Governments in various pieces of the world presented a sort of assessment known as fat duty to all drive-thru eateries. This was to burden every single inexpensive food a 15% so as to make the nourishments costly and dishearten the utilization low as a great deal utilization made corpulence their residents. India is one the nations that was engaged with this and this along these lines makes metro organization unde

Buying a Car Online Heres How to Avoid Getting Scammed

Buying a Car Online Heres How to Avoid Getting Scammed Buying a Car Online? Heres How to Avoid Getting Scammed Buying a Car Online? Heres How to Avoid Getting ScammedTrying to buy a car online will leave you vulnerable to scammers who either want to take your money and run or sell you a car thats in really poor shape.Do you ever wonder if maybe the story of Jack and the Beanstalk teaches kids a dangerous lesson about the risk of being scammed? Becauseâ€"and let’s be honest hereâ€"999,999,999 times out of a trillion, the kid who just traded the family cow for a couple of beans is getting taken for a ride. And yet Jack’s story just so happens to highlight the one entirely implausible instance where those beans actually were magic. It’s wildly irresponsible if you ask us.Case in point: If you are thinking about buying a car online via Craigslist or another online marketplace, then you should push the story of Jack and his magic beans as far from your mind as you can. Because there are indeed scammers lurking out there on the web, looking to either sell you a lemon or even steal your money outright. There will be no magic beanstalk, no giant’s treasure, none of it. If you get taken in by a scammer, it’ll just be you and that handful of regular ol’ beans.That’s why we’re here: To pedantically poke holes in centuries-old fairy tales written for children and to keep you safe from online car-buying scams! How online car-buying scams work.Justin Lavelle is a scams prevention expert and the Chief Communications Officer of background check provider BeenVerified.com (@BeenVerified). Here’s his description of how online car buying scams typically play out:“The scammer will target an unsuspecting online shopper who is looking for a car at a bargain price. They’ll use a popular site like Cars.com or Craigslist. The car ad will include several photos and a link to the car’s history report showing that the car is in good condition and includes a clean title.“The fake car ads are using information that they’ve cloned from legitimate listings. The scammer inclu des an email address for inquiries, but no telephone number.”And here’s what happens once the scammer’s mark takes the bait and makes contact:“The victim emails asking for more details on the vehicle,” says Lavelle. “The scammer replies and says that they are, for example, a pilot preparing to relocate and that they’re forced to sell the car, which is why you’re getting such an amazing deal.“They explain that the car purchase is a simple process which includes you wiring the money to an escrow company which will then retain the money until you’re in receipt of the vehicle. They send the victim a link to the website of the escrow company.“Again, the escrow sites have been cloned. They even include a vehicle purchase protection program that states that once the buyer receives the car, should they decide it wasn’t what they wanted, they can receive a full refund.”Additionally, some car scams involve the scammer trying to sell you a lemon. And just to be clear: We don’t mean an actual yellow lemon. Although receiving a lemon instead of a car would be both annoying and a successful scam on their part.No, we mean the scammer is trying to sell you a car that is actually in far worse shape than it first appears. Everything seems right and good with the vehicle until suddenly, 20 miles later, you discover a family of possums living under the hood. Not fun!Here’s how you can keep yourself safe.Like with any other type of scam, protecting yourself in these situations comes down to one thing above all else, and that’s remaining skeptical. Instead of taking things that the seller tells you at face value, push back and demand verification. If the seller keeps making excuses, that’s your red flashing warning sign that’s something wrong.Beyond that, there are many steps you can take and clues you can uncover to suss out a potential online car-buying fraud.“Don’t conduct business with online sellers who refuse to discuss the sale via pho ne, meet with you in person, or allow you the option to inspect the vehicle before you make your purchase,” said Lavelle, adding that you should “Be cautious of a seller insisting on using a specific online escrow company. Chances are, it’s their attempt to send you to a cloned site.”According to him, you should also treat an online car ad the same way you treat a suspicious email:“Don’t click on any links provided by the online seller. Rather, open your browser and enter the company’s name, go to the site, and verify that the company legitimately offers the services the seller claims it does.Lavelle also recommended that you guard your personal info just as closely with online sellers as you would with, well, with anyone else that you deal with on the internet.“Don’t provide your personal and financial information online,” he said. “For instance, don’t send the seller your credit card information or your bank account information. Don’t send any personal in formation to the online escrow company until you’ve verified that it’s a legitimate company.”Jake McKenzie, content manager at Auto Accessories Garage (@aagarage), also singled out suspicious payment methods as an important sign that you’re being scammed:“A scammer’s favorite method of exchanging money is through a wire transfer or a bank-to-bank transfer. Any car seller that brings up one of these methods of currency exchange is almost always a scammer.”“Most often the scammer claims to be outside of the country for any number of reasons,” he added, “so they explain a plan wherein they will ship the vehicle upon receiving a payment. Anyone unlucky enough to send a payment will never see the car, or their money, again.”If it’s too good to be true …Ever since humankind was capable of rubbing two sticks together, there have been untrustworthy folks trying to scam others with the promise of bigger, better, more rubbable sticks. So as McKenzie reminded us, some times the oldest advice is the best:“The old adage goes ‘if it sounds too good to be true, it probably is.’ This has never been more true than with buying a car online. Scammers are an impatient lot that want to attract as many would-be buyers as they can, and they typically do this with an ad that sounds like the deal of a lifetime.”Just as you can never fully trust the photos that someone uses in their online dating profile, you shouldn’t be relying only on the photos of a car that have been uploaded by the seller:“I have purchased many cars online. You can never trust the pictures. They can be altered,” said Lauren Fix (@laurenfix) of Car Coach Reports.  Start by filtering through the listings and read all the details. Ask the seller multiple questions before moving forward.  If the vehicle is not near your location, higher an appraiser or a friend to visit the seller and take a look, send pictures or do a FaceTime to get a real feel for what you are buying.“If the value seems right, meet the owner and their vehicle at a mutual agreed care repair facility or dealer and have it inspected before taking ownership.  Buying a car to find out that a major expense is being masked can be very painful to your wallet.”Lastly, Lavelle had another great tip for sniffing out too-good-to-be-true scams. “Go to an online resource for car valuation, such as Edmunds or Kelly Blue Book,” he said. “Check the car’s value against the information provided on these sites.  If the price is much lower, that’s a red flag.”Use this checklist to avoid car scammers.Valerie Coleman is a longtime automotive expert with online marketplace 5miles.com (@5milesapp). She had a number of tips for people looking to buy a car online that can double as a handy scam prevention checklist:“Vehicle identification numbers: Always make sure that you are shopping cars with published vehicle identification numbers. Each VIN is unique to each car. With this number, you c an check ownership, accidents,  and conditions of used cars.“Down payments: Never send money prior to seeing the car. While an exception to this could be argued with reputable companies that offer seven-day ownership returns, smaller companies and private sellers often do not offer this type of protection.  While buying a car sight unseen is becoming a more popular option, only reserve this option (if you can) for new cars that come from a reputable car dealership.“Use known websites: Many websites and newspapers advertise both used and new cars. Scammers oftentimes target smaller, less known sites and papers because theyre less likely to track those who post ads. By contrast, sites like 5miles.com use triple verification, thereby making it more difficult to remain anonymous.“Take the car to a mechanic: Cars can look great and still have major mechanical issues. If the car looks like too good to be true, it probably is. Arrange to have a mechanic you trust look at the car to give you insight into the overall condition of it. (Note: Underlying issues may not be found by a novice during a simple test drive.) If the seller refuses this request, walk away from the car.“Ownership: If buying from a private seller, ask to see the title and verify ownership via identification. There have been cases of relatives, for example, selling cars that do not fully belong to them. If there is no title to show, this may not be a legitimate sale.  Many scams are the result of individuals posting vehicles that do not belong to them. So be careful.“It is important that youre diligent when shopping for a car online, especially when it comes to digital retail. Use good judgment and trust your instincts,” added Coleman. And we couldn’t agree more.Scammers these days might be a little too savvy to promise you magic beans, but a little bit knowledge and a good helping of common sense will help keep you safe.You know whats another great way to lose out on a car? Taking ou t a predatory title loan! Here on the OppLoans Financial Sense blog, we cover all the potential financial pitfalls that consumers have to be wary of, especially when it comes to bad credit loans and no credit check loans like cash advances or title and payday loans. To learn more about protecting yourself from scamsâ€"both online and offâ€"check out these related posts from OppLoans:10 Tips to Protect Your Money for Cyber Security Awareness MonthHere’s How to Keep Yourself Safe From Mail Scams10 Common Scams: How They Work and How to Avoid ThemDating App Dangers: 7 Tips to Avoid Getting Scammed by a Fake RomanceHas anyone ever tried to scam you when you were buying a car online? We want to hear from you! You can find us  on  Facebook  and  Twitter.ContributorsValerie  Coleman  is a 15-year veteran in the automotive industry.  Her vast digital experience stems from more than a decade of working at  AutoTrader, as well as helping to create a new digital automotive experience for the mobile marketplace platform,  5miles.com (@5milesapp).  Under her leadership, 5miles has become a go-to lead generation source for local auto dealers throughout the U.S.Lauren Fix (@laurenfix) is a nationally recognized automotive expert, media guest, journalist, author, keynote speaker,  and television host. A trusted automotive expert, Lauren provides an insider’s perspective on a wide range of automotive topics, energy and safety issues for both the auto industry and consumers. Her analysis is honest and straightforward. Lauren is the automotive expert for Car Coach Reports, The Weather Channel and Inside Edition. She is the CEO of Automotive Aspects, Inc., a consulting firm with a wide range of multi-media services, media consulting, broadcast messaging strategy, public relations,  and television production. Lauren has authored three books: most recently, Lauren Fix’s Guide To Loving Your Car with St. Martins Press. Lauren Fix was inducted into the National Women and Transp ortation Hall of Fame in 2009â€"a very high honor for a hard working automotive professional.Justin Lavelle  is a Scams Prevention Expert and the Chief Communications Officer of  BeenVerified.com (@BeenVerified). BeenVerified is a leading source of online background checks and contact information. It helps people discover, understand and use public data in their everyday lives and can provide peace of mind by offering a fast, easy and affordable way to do background checks on potential dates. BeenVerified allows individuals to find more information about people, phone numbers, email addresses,  and property records.Jake McKenzie is the Content Manager at  Auto Accessories Garage (@aagarage), a fast-growing, family-owned online retailer of automotive parts and accessories. He manages all written content for the website including research guides, product descriptions, and other informative articles. He also enjoys attending the annual SEMA Show, the premier automotive specialty produc ts trade event held every November in Las Vegas. Jake often lends his opinions and expertise to a variety of online blogs, websites, and news sources.

The Problem with Immigration Essay examples - 1727 Words

There are many, many issues when it comes to immigration and migration. Nothing is just black and white, and there is always at least two sides to a story, usually more than that. I’m going to tell my side, or at least the side that I see the most of living in Arizona, a border state to Mexico. Being that the issue of immigration is so broad, I’ve narrowed it down to the most important question to me, living in the southwest, concerning Mexican/American border issues. Is it the immigrants themselves that are the problem or is it the laws governing immigration? This is a big debate amongst politicians, activists, students, citizens, non-citizens, and everyone in between. I think that the problem†¦show more content†¦Who can argue against the fact that a successful government must be unified in, if nothing else, its communications? However, the debate over the official language spread deep. Remembering the previous paragraph, foreigners will be here no matter wha t. They are the majority in some communities. This means that there is a whole population of consumers speaking and understanding only a language other than English. Anyone wanting to make a profit in these communities is forced to acknowledge the fact that the language of that community must be accepted. It is just like the rules of supply and demand. There’s a tremendous market in many U.S. areas that speaks mainly Spanish, Korean, etc. Particularly, in the southwest, the main foreign language is Spanish. The single largest foreign-language population in the U.S. is Latin Americans, both native born and not. (Sassen p16) It was not until December of 1996 that the Supreme Court agreed to hear Arizonans for Official English v. Arizona. This was on the issue of whether or not government services must be in English.(Clark p56) Now, considering how long the debate has been at hand, wasn’t 1996 a little late in the game? Why has it taken so long just to get to where we are today with immigration laws (which have improved, but are far from satisfactory.) Using Charles S. Clark’s Chronology in The New Immigrants, the period of 1920 to 1950 only housed three significant changes in policy, including the first quotas.Show MoreRelatedThe Immigration Problem Of Immigration1735 Words   |  7 Pagesbetween criminal law and immigration law has become increasingly blurred. In many jurisdictions around the world, undocumented immigration was long considered a civil offence in which violation resulted in fines and deportation. Now, however, illegal crossings are often treated as criminal violations carrying overly punitive consequences such as incarceration in harsh detention centers. The ever-evolving assortment of laws and enforcement measures concerning immigration, as well as negative rhetoricRead MoreThe Problem Of Immigration And Immigration1940 Words   |  8 Pagespaper will examine the problem of Immigration and Immigration Law. I will first discuss what Immigration Law is and how it works, then I will define the number one problem of immigration laws, â€Å"illegal immigration† and why it’s so important to follow procedures. It will also address the consequences after violating the laws. Next the paper discusses three policy solutions to the problems of illegal immigration: Legalization of Immigrants, Strengthen Border Security, and Immigration Amnesty. The paperRead MoreIs Immigration A Problem?900 Words   |  4 PagesImmigration What is immigration? Immigration is the act of foreigners passing or coming into a country for the purpose of permanent residence. â€Å"Some people say that immigration is the next major issue the country must face,† but the question remains. Is immigration a problem we must face? There are some bad effects like greater poverty and education costs, but the good certainly outweighs the bad. There are many good outcomes from immigrants, but the top five are: economic gain, increase in culturalRead MoreImmigration Problem Of Illegal Immigration1530 Words   |  7 Pagescountry has its own unique problems. One of its greatest problems is that of illegal immigration. Recently, the country has been made aware that its illegal immigration problem that it is working so hard to correct, is frankly failing. To date, it has seemingly not done its best to correct the issue though. America must fix the major problem of illegal immigration before it becomes too out of hand. The existing A merican immigration policies fail at regulating immigration from the Mexican border dueRead MoreThe Problem Of Illegal Immigration1508 Words   |  7 Pagesshould first know what are the causes then they can suggest solutions to fix the problem or block it. Illegal immigration has been a problem that has plagued the United States for many years. Most people wish to find solutions to help the United States to prevent illegal immigrations. Since the number of illegal immigrants is increasing and there have not been any positive solutions to prevent or reduce this problem, many researchers keep researching for helpful solutions. Although the United StatesRead MoreThe Problem Of Illegal Immigration1046 Words   |  5 PagesRecently, illegal immigration has been a major issue that has affected many civilians in America. This problem has been made from migrates who try to enter the country of America without any form of identification, currency, education, or medical stability. These im migrants also bring disease, drugs, weapons, and cartels. The main problem America is having with illegal immigrants is that they are difficult to provide for. Many migrants are using the government as a source of income. Our economy canRead MoreImmigration Is A Big Problem1874 Words   |  8 PagesImmigration is a big problem in the United States. This paper analysis the people immigrate to U.S. in legal and illegal ways and the cause of it are the safe and economic problems in their home country. The legal immigrants can have most of the same rights as a U.S. citizens and have more opportunities. However, illegal immigrants don t have the same right and also increase the criminal problem in the U.S. . The cost of illegal immigration control is the serious problem for United Stated governmentRead MoreThe Problem Of Illegal Immigration2622 Words   |  11 Pagesunfortunately some we do not hear about ever again. Illegal immigration occurs around the whole world. People come from China, Japan, Ireland, Cuba, El Salvador, but where we hear where they come from the most is from Mexico. Many of them mainly come to have a better life or achieve the â€Å"American Dream† and if not for them, then they send their children so they can have a decent education and then they can help their family out. Now, illegal immigration is a serious issue that has been trying to be dealtRead MoreThe Problem Of Illegal Immigration3985 Words   |  16 PagesIllegal immigration, particularly of unaccompanied minors and single mothers, has increased to an unmanageable level and become a contentious and confusing political topic. This paper will effort to outline the current situation by providing background of the issue here in the US, describe the drivers that lead to the peoples’ emigration from their largely Central American home countries – including an examination of US responsibility in t he destabilization of these countries, - and what measuresRead MoreThe Growing Problem Of Illegal Immigration871 Words   |  4 Pages2016 The Growing Problem of Illegal Immigration Every year, millions of immigrants pour into the United States illegally. Are there any possible solutions to this trend? Immigrants cross the border either by the means of, swimming, using fake documents or by the means of using work visas. â€Å"Nearly half of the 12 million-plus illegal aliens in America arrived legally with non-immigrant visas,† said David Seminara, a tenured member of the U.S. Foreign Service (Illegal Immigration). Usually after

Starbucks Business With International Brand Recognition

Starbucks Corporation was started by three Seattle entrepreneurs in 1971 and their prime product was the selling of whole bean coffee. Today, Starbucks is the world s number one specialty coffee retailer with its presence worldwide and also sells whole bean coffees through a specialty sales group and supermarkets nationwide. Starbucks has another shared project partnership called Tazo Tea Corporation where a line of premium tea are manufactured and sold at their merchandised stores. The company offers an extensive variety of products like Frappuccino brunette drinks, Starbucks Double Shot with a line of super premium ice creams, Tazo’s line of innovative teas and music s compact discs that improve the Starbucks experience through†¦show more content†¦This is related to quality and cost as it leads to better quality working environment. Also, this prevents Starbucks from experiencing legal prosecution expenses from employees or visitors. It believes the workplace cultu re and safety practices compete favourably with others in the retail and food service industry. People Change: At Starbucks, it is not only a gourmet coffee that is being purchased; it is also a key element of making an experience. As the coffee shop’s success is reliant on gaining repeat customers, the perception of friendliness of service can be very important in creating the desire of the customer to return, it needs to be friendly but professional without being over familiar (Kotler and Keller, 2008). It is of the right quality, dependable, and sufficiently flexible in terms of the way that the service is delivered to multitask and achieve the goals. However, there is a need for balance here, as friendly service may take time and as such may impact on the service speed. Change Approach Resistance to Change: When management at Starbucks elevated existing administration and reporting structures, staff was initially left without direction. Reporting networks, processes and objectives were not clearly communicated causing a lot of ambiguity. Consequently several staff resigned as they felt distressed and confused about what wasShow MoreRelatedStarbucks : The Entry Of Starbucks923 Words   |  4 PagesThe entry of Starbucks in Australia began in July 2000. The Starbucks Australia is a wholly owned subsidiary as a joint venture between Markus Hofer and Starbucks Coffee International, subsequently licensed its local chain to the Withers Group, which operates 7-Eleven in Australia. Began selling espressos, frappuccino, and filtered coffee from its first store in Sydney’s Central Business District (CBD). The company was facing difficulties in the Australian cafà © market. However, the company aggressivelyRead MoreCoffee and Distinctive Competencies1668 Words   |  7 PagesStarbucks, t he ubiquitous coffee retailer earned high profit and is forecasted to grow. The resources and capabilities that have provided Starbuck distinctive competencies are its unique business model of making the store as a third place between home and work, its ability to own its own stores throughout the world, a strong brand name, decision making based on the ideas provided by employees, for which Starbuck started selling experience through selling ‘third place’, superior customer servicesRead MoreStarbucks Case Essay1233 Words   |  5 PagesTHE GLOBALIZATION OF STARBUCKS 1. Where did the original idea for the Starbucks format come from? What lesson for international business can be drawn from this? The original idea for the Starbucks format came from the 1980 ´s when the company ´s director if marketing, Howard Schultz, came back from a trip to Italy enchanted with the Italian coffeehouse experience, the idea was to sell the company ´s own premium roasted coffee and freshly brewed espresso-style coffee beverages, along with a varietyRead MoreHow Would You Classify the Starbucks Product Using the Marketing Consideration for a Consumer Product? What Individual Product Decision Has Starbucks Made?973 Words   |  4 PagesQUESTION 2 How would you classify the Starbucks product using the marketing consideration for a consumer product? What individual product decision has Starbucks made? A product represents the heart of an organization s marketing program. Without a product, there were no price, design, target market, marketing mix, promotion strategy etc. simply, there were no business. 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However, they focused on selling high-quality whole beans and coffee products, making the store was consistently profitable. By 1980, Starbucks had four locations in the Seattle area. In 1981, Howard Schultz, vice president and general manager of U.S. operations for a Swedish maker of coffee and kitchen equipment, visited Starbucks and was immediatelyRead MoreSwot / Tows Starbucks1183 Words   |  5 PagesStrengths • Global presence Starbucks has a widespread global presence. The company operates about 13,168 retail store locations. The company s widespread presence provides it with widespread brand recognition and a strong customer base. • A disciplined innovator Starbucks is a disciplined innovator. The company effectively manages its innovation time line generating consistency in same store sales. Starbucks ability to roll out new products relatively quickly is a considerable competitive

Computers and Digital Basics Free Essays

string(72) " set of computer programs that helps a person carry out a task is ____\." 1: Computers and Digital Basics TRUE/FALSE 3. Facebook and Twitter are examples of social networking options. F 6. We will write a custom essay sample on Computers and Digital Basics or any similar topic only for you Order Now An operating system is an example of application software. F 7. Because of increased versatility, a videogame console is now considered a personal computer. f 8. The purpose of a server is to serve computers on a network. T 9. In the binary number system, 2 is used to represent the value 2. F 10. The number 9 can be considered a character. T 11. Because most digital devices are electronic, bytes take the form of electrical pulses. F 13. A compiler like the one shown in the accompanying figure converts all statements in a program to machine language in a single batch. T 14. An interpreter converts and executes one statement at a time. T 15. The op code specifies the data. F 16. The operand is a command word for an operation. F 17. All computers are case sensitive. F 18. Trojans are computer programs that seem to perform one function while actually doing something else. T 19. To assure you can remember your password it is a good idea to base it on information you can easily remember such as your birthday. F 20. You should always use a different password for every account. F MODIFIED TRUE/FALSE If False, change the underlined work to make it True! 1. Digital technology has made it easy to produce copies of music with no loss of quality from the original. _________________________ 2. Free source projects promote copying, free distribution, peer review, and user modifications. Open 3. An area where data can be left on a permanent basis is memory. storage 4. The set of instructions that tells a computer how to carry out processing tasks is a computer program. _________________________ 5. Minicomputers were used for small businesses. ________________________ 6. A(n) supercomputer is a large and expensive computer capable of simultaneously processing data for hundreds or thousands of users. mainframe 7. The term server can refer to a combination of hardware and software. _________________________ 8. A(n) mainframe specializes in compute-intensive problems. supercomputer 9. A light switch is like a(n) analog device. digital 10. DIPs and PGAs are both shapes of integrated circuits. _________________________ 11. The results of statements that have been compiled are called object code. _________________________ 12. A set of machine language instructions for a program is called source code. machine 13. The ALU uses registers to hold data that is being processed. _________________________ 14. A(n) keylogger is a form of malicious code. _________________________ 15. A(n) account manager stores user IDs with their corresponding passwords and automatically fills in login forms. password MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. Digital electronics use electronic ____ to represent data. a. circuits c. transistors b. switches d. components 2. Key factors in making electronic devices increasingly smaller and less expensive include ____. . transistors c. both a and b b. integrated circuits d. neither a nor b 3. The first digital computers were built during World War II for ____. a. census taking c. communication b. code breaking d. troop placement 4. Initially sales were slow for the personal computer because of ____. a. price c. lack of software b. size d. lack of availability 5. In 1982, the percentage of households that had a computer was fewer than ____ percent. a. 10 c. 50 b. 30 d. 70 6. A global computer network originally developed as a military project is the ____. a. World Wide Web c. Wide-area network b. Internet d. Local-area network 7. ____ allow members to post comments and questions that can be read and responded to by others. a. E-mail lists c. Chat groups b. Bulletin boards d. Social networks 8. ____ are where people exchange typed messages in real time. a. E-mail lists c. Chat groups b. Bulletin boards d. Online social networks 9. ____ provide a space for interacting with friends or friends of those friends. a. E-mail lists c. Chat groups b. Bulletin boards d. Online social networks 10. A group of computers linked by wired or wireless technology is a(n) ____. a. network c. cyberspace . Web d. Internet 11. The ____ is a collection of linked documents, graphics, and sounds. a. network c. cyberspace b. Web d. Internet 12. ____ is a term that refers to entities that exist largely within computer networks. a. Web c. WWW b. Internet d. Cyberspace 13. ____ is the process of converting text, numbers, sound, photos, and video into data that can be processed by digital devices. a. Digitization c. Scanning b. Digital conversion d. Rasterization 14. Technology ____ is a process by which several different technologies with distinct functionality evolve to form a single product. a. volution c. convergence b. rotation d. diversification 15. More than ____ percent of cameras sold today are digital. a. 80 c. 90 b. 85 d. 99 16. Digital imaging has had an effect in the following areas: ____. a. medicine c. photo processing b. video d. all of the above 17. ____ tools cloak a person’s identity online. a. Anonymizer c. ID free b. Free ID d. Cloaking 18. A computer is a multiple purpose device that can do all of the following EXCEPT ____. a. store data c. accept input b. process data d. think independently 19. In a computer, most processing takes place in ____. a. memory c. he CPU b. RAM d. the motherboard 20. An electronic component that can be programmed to perform tasks is a ____. a. CPU c. transistor b. microprocessor d. none of the above 21. A named collection of data that exists on a storage medium is known as (a) ____. a. memory c. file name b. file d. none of the above 22. An area of a computer that temporarily holds data waiting to be processed is ____. a. CPU c. storage b. memory d. a file 23. A set of computer programs that helps a person carry out a task is ____. You read "Computers and Digital Basics" in category "Essay examples" a. an operating system c. application software b. system software d. Windows 24.A set of computer programs that helps a computer monitor itself and function more efficiently is ____. a. a software suite c. application software b. system software d. processing software 25. The master controller for all activities that take place within a computer is ____. a. application software c. the operating system b. system software d. the CPU 26. A(n) ____ is a microprocessor-based computing device designed to meet the computing needs of an individual. a. personal computer c. ALU b. mainframe d. server 27. An ordinary personal computer that is connected to a network is a ____. a. mainframe c. server . workstation d. console 28. A powerful desktop computer used for high-performance tasks is a ____. a. mainframe c. server b. workstation d. console 29. A compute-intensive problem runs on a ____. a. server c. supercomputer b. mainframe d. super PC 30. Data becomes ____ when it is presented in a format that people can understand and use. a. information c. graphs b. processed d. presentation 31. The type of data where text, numbers, graphics, sound, and video have been converted into discrete digits as represented in the accompanying figure is ____. a. information c. digital b. analog d. none of the above 32. The type of data that is represented using an infinite scale of values as represented in the accompanying figure is ____. a. information c. digital b. analog d. none of the above 33. The binary number 10 represents ____ in the decimal number system. a. 1 c. 10 b. 2 d. 100 34. The type of code that uses only seven bits for each character is ____. a. ASCII c. EBCDIC b. Extended ASCII d. all of the above 35. The type of code that uses eight bits for each character is ____. a. ASCII c. EBCDIC b. Extended ASCII d. all of the above 36. Digital devices can use ____ as a code to represent character data. . ASCII c. EBCDIC b. Extended ASCII d. all of the above 37. You might represent ____ using character codes. a. color dots c. Social Security numbers b. bank balances d. none of the above 38. Data transmission speeds are typically expressed as ____. a. bits c. hertz b. bytes d. none of the above 39. Storage is typically expressed as ____. a. bits c. hertz b. bytes d. none of the above 40. 1,024 bytes is a ____. a. kilobyte c. gigabyte b. megabyte d. terabyte 41. 1,048,576 bytes is a ____. a. kilobyte c. gigabyte b. megabyte d. terabyte 42. 1,073,741,824 bytes is a ____. a. kilobyte c. igabyte b. megabyte d. terabyte 43. A super-thin slice of semiconducting material packed with microscopic circuit elements is a(n) ____. a. integrated circuit c. microchip b. computer chip d. all of the above 44. The accompanying figure represents two types of chip carriers. The one on the left is a ____. a. PGA c. PID b. DIP d. GAP 45. The accompanying figure represents two types of chip carriers. The one on the right is a ____. a. PGA c. PID b. DIP d. GAP 46. The ____ houses all essential chips and provides connecting circuitry between them. a. system board c. circuit board b. ousing board d. chip board 47. C, BASIC, COBOL, and Java are examples of ____ programming languages. a. low-level c. system b. computer d. high-level 48. The human-readable version of a program is called ____. a. source code c. human code b. program code d. system code 49. A(n) ____ converts all the statements in a program in a single batch and the resulting collection of instructions is placed in a new file. a. compiler c. converter b. interpreter d. instruction 50. A(n) ____ converts and executes one statement at a time. a. compiler c. converter b. interpreter d. instruction 51. A collection of preprogrammed activities such as addition, subtraction, counting and comparison is called a(n) ____. a. compiler code c. machine code b. interpreter code d. instruction set 52. ____, as shown in the accompanying figure can be directly executed by the processors’s circuitry. a. Machine sets c. Programming language b. Machine language d. none of the above 53. The ____ is a command word for an operation such as add, compare, or jump. a. op code c. ALU b. operand d. instruction code 54. The ____ from an instruction specifies the data. a. op code c. ALU b. operand d. instruction code 55. The ____ is the part of the microprocessor that performs arithmetic operations, as shown in the accompanying figure. a. instruction pointer c. ALU b. RAM d. control unit 56. As shown in the accompanying figure, the ____ fetches each instruction. a. RAM c. ALU b. instruction pointer d. control unit 57. The accompanying figure represents the instruction cycle. The first step is Box A and represents the ____. a. fetch instruction c. execute instruction b. interpret instruction d. increment pointer 58. The accompanying figure represents the instruction cycle. The second step is Box B and represents the ____. a. etch instruction c. execute instruction b. interpret instruction d. increment pointer 59. The accompanying figure represents the instruction cycle. The third step is Box C and represents the ____. a. fetch instruction c. execute instruction b. interpret instruction d. increment pointer 60. The accompanying figure represents the instruction cycle. The fourth step is Box D and represents the ____. a. fetch instruction c. execute instruction b. interpret instruction d. increment pointer 61. In terms of an authentication protocol, the phrase ‘something a person knows’ refers to ____. a. a password c. biometrics b. n ID card d. none of the above 62. A ____ is a series of characters that becomes a person’s unique identifier. a. PIN code c. user ID b. password d. all of the above 63. In terms of an authentication protocol, the phrase ‘something a person possesses’ could refer to ____. a. a password c. biometrics b. an ID card d. none of the above 64. In terms of an authentication protocol, the phrase ‘something a person is’ refers to a(n) ____. a. password c. biometric device b. ID card d. none of the above 65. A problem a hacker can cause after breaking into your computer include(s) ____. a. applying for credit in your name c. pply for a mortgage using your data b. sending embarrassing e-mails d. all of the above 66. A term which can refer to a person who manipulates computers with malicious intent is a ____. a. black hat c. hacker b. cracker d. all of the above 67. A ____ attack uses password-cracking software. a. brute force c. phishing b. sniffing d. cracker 68. ____ intercepts information sent over computer networks. a. Brute force c. Phishing b. Sniffing d. Cracking 69. A hacker posing as a legitimate representative of an official organization such as your bank is an example of ____. a. brute force c. phishing b. sniffing d. cracking 70. Password management functions include all of the following EXCEPT ____. a. generating passwords c. providing password strength b. tracking passwords d. recording keystrokes Case-Based Critical Thinking Questions Case 1-1 Karen is trying to get organized and one of her issues is that she doesn’t know what kind of devices correspond to her needs. 71. Karen needs an appointment book and is considering one that is digital. For this one piece of equipment, she does not want the device to do anything except maintain her calendar. You suggest she consider a ____. a. PDA c. handheld computer b. smart phone d. BlackBerry 72. After you and Karen talk a little longer, she recognizes that she might need a device that in addition to her appointment book will have features such as e-mail, Web access, a built-in camera, and GPS. You suggest she consider a(n) ____. a. iPod c. handheld computer b. regular PDA d. CPU 73. If Karen were looking for a device that in addition to voice communications, offers full qwerty keypad, text messaging, e-mail, Web access, removable storage, camera, FM radio, digital music player, and software options for games, financial management, personal organizer, GPS and maps, she might consider a(n) ____. a. regular PDA c. andheld computer b. smart phone d. iPod Case-Based Critical Thinking Questions Case 1-2 Mike and Andre are discussing how quickly technology changes. They are discussing how it seems devices are merging to create new products especially in the technology field. They understand this is a process called convergence. 74. An example of an old form of convergence is a ____. a. clock radio c. television b. cell phone d. microwave oven 75. A great example of convergence in modern technology is ____. a. clock radio c. television b. cell phones d. HD-TV 76. A barrier to the rapid deployment of many products resulting from convergence is ____. . rare technology breakthroughs c. people aren’t ready b. legal issues d. both b and c Case-Based Critical Thinking Questions Case 1-3 Jim has just purchased a new computer and it has made him think about how it works. He is particularly interested in how information is processed and stored in his computer. He has come to you for help. 77. Jim wants to know why a compiler converts all statements in a program at one time and places them into an object code. You tell him it is so that ____. a. the code is ready to execute b. you can prevent the introduction of new errors c. you can put it on a chip d. one of the above 78. Jim knows that a collection of preprogrammed activities is an instruction set. He wants to know what an instruction set is designed to do. You tell him it is designed to ____. a. carry out a particular task b. allow programmers to use them in creative ways for multiple tasks c. limit the number of tasks the computer can perform d. allow the program to run on multiple machines 79. Jim wants to know what machine language instructions look like to the machine. You tell him they appear as ____. a. an op code and operand c. basic instructions, such as add b. a series of 0s and 1s d. ll of the above 80. When adding two numbers, Jim knows that each number is going into its own register and the control unit provides the instructions such as add. He wants to know where the result of the add goes. You tell him it goes to ____. a. the ALU c. the accumulator b. another register d. the printer COMPLETION 1. An ongoing process of social, political, and economic change brought about by digital technology is the digital revolution. 2. At the consumer level, probably the most significant force driving research into fast computers and more sophisticated graphics processing is computer gaming. 3.The potential downside of convergence is quality. 4. The expectation that a person’s information will not be collected or divulged without permission is confidentiality. 5. The ownership of certain types of information, ideas, or representations is intellectual property. 6. Worldwide economic interdependence of countries that occurs as cross-border commerce increases and as money flows more freely among countries is globalization. 7. A term that refers to the gap between people who have access to technology and those who do not is the digital divide. 8. Symbols that represent facts, objects, and ideas are data. 9. The manipulation of data is called processing. 10. The concept that a series of instructions for a computing task can be loaded into memory is called a stored program. 11. Any software or digital device that requests data from a server is referred to as a(n) client. 12. The type of computer that is considered one of the fastest in the world is a(n) supercomputer. 13. A special-purpose microprocessor that is built into the machine it controls is a(n) microcontroller. 14. The term that refers to the form in which data is stored, processed, and transmitted is data representation. 15. In the accompanying figure, the type of sound wave indicated by A is analog. 16. In the accompanying figure, as indicated by B, the sound wave has been sliced into samples and so has been digitized. 17. Eight bits is a(n) byte. 18. A machine language instruction has two parts, the op code and the operand. 19. Identifying a person by personal attributes such as fingerprints or retinal patterns is called biometrics. 20. Hackers can guess your password by stepping through a dictionary. This process is called a dictionary attack. 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mylo xyloto by Coldplay free essay sample

Dear Coldplay, What have you done to yourself? When I first heard your new album not only was I mildly disturbed by the lack in emotions but I had a strange sensation almost like Lennon and George just turned over in their graves. I truly think the apocalypse has started, and Coldplay you are the cause. You were once a mild alternative rock band but now you sunk so low you’re in hell, also known as pop music. Chris Martin, what on earth have you done? You started so strong and made people love you naturally. Your break through single, Yellow, was natural and amazing. A Rush of Blood to Your Head is a spectacular album that made me listen to it until my CD player broke. But now, in the new music era you evolved into something so grotesque and disgraceful, you’re P.O.P. You’re now just another auto tuned annoying voice that isn’t real. We will write a custom essay sample on mylo xyloto by Coldplay or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page And my dear Coldplay what the heck is Rihanna doing on this album!?! She sings -no scratch that- screams the same not repeatedly throughout Princess of China. Which is supposedly â€Å"full of deep and real emotions† according to Rolling Stones Magazine. Ya, right. That was as far as it can be from emotional, it was fake. And Rihanna has absolutely no right on a Coldplay album and is an insult to fans everywhere. Now, dear readers, send back the tee shirts and trade them in for Margot and the Nuclear So and So’s. They are not auto tuned and stay true to their alternative rock roots. Goodbye to my August Coldplay concert tickets, hello Broadripple is burning and As tall as cliffs by Margot and the Nuclear So and So’s. Mylo Xyloto by Coldplay free essay sample Coldplays latest album, â€Å"Mylo Xyloto,† a stunning 14-track CD, is much more than an assortment of singles. Unlike past albums, Chris Martin creates two characters, Mylo and Xyloto, whose incredible love story is accented with artful rebellion against those in power and spans the entire disc. For fans who worry that Coldplay has succumbed to the world of tasteless pop melodies, fear not. â€Å"Mylo Xyloto† is every bit as engaging, kinetic, and varied as its predecessors, and features the  ­return of some of the bands best-loved music: â€Å"Paradise† and â€Å"Every Teardrop Is a Waterfall.† The cover track is a 42-second melody featuring xylophone and hints of electronica, a sound thats new to the band. It hops directly into â€Å"Hurts Like Heaven,† almost as if its the same song. â€Å"Hurts Like Heaven† is a bouncy, wildly uplifting piece with a beat that makes it difficult for the listener to stay still. We will write a custom essay sample on Mylo Xyloto by Coldplay or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The lyrics refer to the New York graffiti movement of the ?s, as seen in the opening line, â€Å"Written in graffiti on a bridge in the park: do you ever get the feeling that youre missing the mark?† This song is joyfully inspiring, jazzy, and has a â€Å"follow your bliss† attitude. Its arguably one of the best Coldplay has written. â€Å"Us Against the World† is an acoustic ballad featuring melancholy lyrics. This song gives more insight into the relationship of Mylo and Xyloto, though the track lacks Coldplays usual waves of sound and remains fairly contained. â€Å"U.F.O.† is also a ballad, but possesses the sweeping resonance missing in â€Å"Us Against the World.† It is mild, lilting, and circular in all the right ways. Though this track may be overlooked in its unembellished simplicity, it is a must-listen. â€Å"Princess of China† pushes boundaries with its electro-pop, R, and alternative hip-hop sound. It has a heavier, darker mood with the tasteful use of a synthesizer throughout. Rihannas vocals are fierce and shimmering, and fit the bill perfectly. This particular song is quite out there for Coldplay, a band that plays primarily alternative and acoustic rock, but it has received surprisingly positive feedback. â€Å"Dont Let It Break Your Heart† is brimming with the soaring, invigorating, anthemic sound that gave Coldplay its vast following in the early 2000s. Do the pounding piano, crashing drums, trilling guitar – sound like an unpleasant jumble? Absolutely not. The penultimate track captures the essence of the British band with crystalline clarity, proving their talent, musical dexterity and bittersweet warmth. â€Å"Dont Let It Break Your Heart† is timeless, consuming, and extremely stirring; it has a toe-tapping beat and the music is vivid, present, and alive. Its joyful atmosphere washes away the discs intermittent melancholy, leaving the sweet victory of lovers reuniting. This album is gut-wrenching, explosive, and optimistic. Coldplay has done a phenomenal job. The songs are practically splitting at the seams with meaning and imagination, and personally, I welcome the overflow. Mylo Xyloto by Coldplay free essay sample Although the name semblances no specific meaning, Coldplay’s latest album â€Å"Mylo Xyloto† just may bear the greatest meaning out of all their other albums. For Coldplay, â€Å"MX† represents their new mentality, to produce another smashing album on a clean slate. Instead of worrying about the oppressive criticism of the general public, Coldplay has reinstated their efforts to give their listeners another entertaining taste of their brilliance. Could it be a stroke of genius responsible for Coldplay’s success across the years? Harmonious serendipity? Or sheer literary luck? Many of Coldplay’s fans would argue that the foursome compromising the band simply have had the musical ingenuity and the gift of teamwork that enable them to accomplish what they have done. Certainly, Mylo Xyloto brings a fresh, contemporary feel to Coldplay’s music which can either be highly depreciated or highly praised. However, there is no denying the stimulating m elodies comprising â€Å"MX†. We will write a custom essay sample on Mylo Xyloto by Coldplay or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Exhilarating hits such as â€Å"Hurts Like Heaven† and â€Å"Paradise† showcase the bouncy new tunes reveled by lead guitarist Johnny Buckland. The animated falsetto of lead-vocalist Chris Martin highlight tracks â€Å"Up in Flames† and â€Å"Us Against the World†. Even Rihanna joins in on the fun, killing the thriller duet â€Å"Princess of China† with Chris Martin. When my pre-order of â€Å"Mylo Xyloto† finally downloaded, I immediately started to listen to the album, carefully falling in love with Coldplay all over again. I am an avid Coldplay fan, but for those who have never heard Coldplay before, I highly recommend this album. â€Å"MX† features just a glimpse of Coldplay’s enchanting melodies and inspiring lyrics. Every time I listen to â€Å"Mylo Xyloto†, I find myself tapping my feet along to the music, losing myself in the mystery of Coldplay’s latest majestic musical anthology. I believe you will find yourself doing the same exact thing.

Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka and Its Decision essays

Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka and It's Decision essays There have been many attempts to look at the decision in Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka and claim it was erroneous in some respect. One of the most often used is the social policy' argument. Some constitutional scholars believe that the Supreme Court went too far in the decision, far beyond deciding the single issue involved. That issue concerned the need for an African American little girl to go to a black school that required of her a dangerous walk through a rail yard rather than a pleasant walk to a closer school that was all white. It is easy to argue that any decision of any reasonably lofty court in the land makes social policy decisions without benefit of election. Indeed, even lowly courtscity courts in small townsmake social policy decisions by virtue of the need to interpret the law when passing judgment or imposing sentences. A judge in a small town in New York State, for example, gives everyone convicted in his court the lightest possible sentence, 60 days plus two years of parole. Why' Because he knows the career criminals will violate their parole, and then it's an automatic five years up the river, no appeal, no questions asked. (Personal knowledge via In effect, that judge is making social policy. Therefore, criticism of the unanimous ruling in Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka on the grounds that it made social policy is relatively ludicrous. If it is all right for small courts in small towns to make social policy by engineering its use of statutory punishments, then assuredly it would be even more acceptable when the arguably wisest judicial minds sitting on the bench in the United States do the same thing. If the Court did make social policyas arguably it didthere is every reason to believe that the society was ready for the policy being made. The...

Nucleic Acids - Function, Examples, and Monomers

Nucleic Acids s, and Monomers Nucleic acids are molecules that allow organisms to transfer genetic information from one generation to the next. These macromolecules store the genetic information that determines traits and makes protein synthesis possible. Key Takeaways: Nucleic Acids Nucleic acids are macromolecules that store genetic information and enable protein production.Nucleic acids include DNA and RNA. These molecules are composed of long strands of nucleotides.Nucleotides are composed of a nitrogenous base, a five-carbon sugar, and a phosphate group.DNA is composed of a phosphate-deoxyribose sugar backbone and the nitrogenous bases adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), and thymine (T).RNA has ribose sugar and the nitrogenous bases A, G, C, and uracil (U). Two examples of nucleic acids include: deoxyribonucleic acid (better known as DNA) and ribonucleic acid (better known as RNA). These molecules are composed of long strands of nucleotides held together by covalent bonds. Nucleic acids can be found within the nucleus and cytoplasm of our cells. Nucleic Acid Monomers Nucleotides are composed of a nitrogenous base, a five-carbon sugar, and a phosphate group. OpenStax/Wikimedia Commons/CC BY-SA 3.0 Nucleic acids are composed of nucleotide monomers linked together. Nucleotides have three parts: A Nitrogenous BaseA Five-Carbon (Pentose) SugarA Phosphate Group Nitrogenous bases include purine molecules (adenine and guanine) and pyrimidine molecules (cytosine, thymine, and uracil). In DNA, the five-carbon sugar is deoxyribose, while ribose is the pentose sugar in RNA. Nucleotides are linked together to form polynucleotide chains. They are joined to one another by covalent bonds between the phosphate of one and the sugar of another. These linkages are called phosphodiester linkages. Phosphodiester linkages form the sugar-phosphate backbone of both DNA and RNA. Similar to what happens with protein and carbohydrate monomers, nucleotides are linked together through dehydration synthesis. In nucleic acid dehydration synthesis, nitrogenous bases are joined together and a water molecule is lost in the process. Interestingly, some nucleotides perform important cellular functions as individual molecules, the most common example being ATP. DNA Structure DNA is composed of a phosphate-deoxyribose sugar backbone and the four nitrogenous bases: adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), and thymine (T). OpenStax/Wikimedia Commons/CC BY-SA 3.0 DNA is the cellular molecule that contains instructions for the performance of all cell functions. When a cell divides, its DNA is copied and passed from one cell generation to the next generation. DNA is organized into chromosomes and found within the nucleus of our cells. It contains the programmatic instructions for cellular activities. When organisms produce offspring, these instructions in are passed down through DNA. DNA commonly exists as a double stranded molecule with a twisted double helix shape. DNA is composed of a phosphate-deoxyribose sugar backbone and the four nitrogenous bases: adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), and thymine (T). In double stranded DNA, adenine pairs with thymine (A-T) and guanine pairs with cytosine (G-C). RNA Structure RNA is composed of a phosphate-ribose sugar backbone and the nitrogenous bases adenine, guanine, cytosine and uracil (U). Sponk/Wikimedia Commons RNA is essential for the synthesis of proteins. Information contained within the genetic code is typically passed from DNA to RNA to the resulting proteins. There are several different types of RNA. Messenger RNA (mRNA) is the RNA transcript or RNA copy of the DNA message produced during DNA transcription. Messenger RNA is translated to form proteins.Transfer RNA (tRNA) has a three dimensional shape and is necessary for the translation of mRNA in protein synthesis.Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) is a component of ribosomes and is also involved in protein synthesis.MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small RNAs that help to regulate gene expression. RNA most commonly exists as a single stranded molecule composed of a phosphate-ribose sugar backbone and the nitrogenous bases adenine, guanine, cytosine and uracil (U). When DNA is transcribed into an  RNA transcript during DNA transcription, guanine pairs with cytosine (G-C) and adenine pairs with uracil (A-U). Differences Between DNA and RNA Composition This image shows a comparison of a single-stranded RNA molecule and a double-stranded DNA molecule. Sponk/Wikimedia Commons/CC BY-SA 3.0 The nucleic acids DNA and RNA differ in composition and structure. The differences are listed as follows: DNA Nitrogenous Bases: Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, and ThymineFive-Carbon Sugar: DeoxyriboseStructure: Double-stranded DNA is commonly found in its three dimensional, double helix shape. This twisted structure makes it possible for DNA to unwind for DNA replication and protein synthesis. RNA Nitrogenous Bases: Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, and UracilFive-Carbon Sugar: RiboseStructure: Single-stranded While RNA does not take on a double helix shape like DNA, this molecule is able to form complex three dimensional shapes. This is possible because RNA bases form complementary pairs with other bases on the same RNA strand. The base pairing causes RNA to fold forming various shapes. More Macromolecules Biological Polymers: These are macromolecules formed from the joining together of small organic molecules.Carbohydrates: Carbohydrates include saccharides or sugars and their derivatives.Proteins: These macromolecules are formed from amino acid monomers.Lipids: Lipids are organic compounds that include fats, phospholipids, steroids, and waxes.

PAS Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4250 words

PAS - Case Study Example After 6 months, I was asked to run the whole station store and gas pumps. The gas was closed a year after it was closed due to its line expiry. It was due to this reason that Pas Automotive repair decided to acquire a building that was the year 2000, hence the business became steady from then. Pas Automotive is luckily located on one of the busiest  streets in Sydney 500 Prince Street. With a large lot of 20 plus cars and access to the roadways, situated in 3 different directions. In business, Pas automotive repair company is among the automotive repair shop that deals with all repairs on both cars trucks boats as well as lawn mowers. In addition, the company deals with rebuilding various vehicle engines as well as changing engine oil. As the business is at a tender age, the company has a total of seven employees. Our services include; service calls, self service work where customers will be picked from a prevailed position and the problem they are encountering on their vehicle asc ertained just on time and at affordable price. Our prices depend on the  labor  guide, being serviced and provided by all of our service stations. We also give a discount price to students and  seniors. More so we have affordable and special hourly rate of 60.00 dollars an hour and this makes us cheap on the market as compared from our competitors. Research on the Pas Automotive Repair as a sole  proprietor  business is very useful. Firstly, it will aid in making a forecast to affiliate the current situation, therefore supporting the potential increase in service provision. Additionally, while delivering the service, the industry looks forward in growth and developing around the globe. There are several factors that limit their use, which may be reflected later. Moreover, the statistical analysis of the pas automotive repair company and distribution channels, which is very essential in making sound decisions, will be evaluated. Secondly, the study of online and traditional agency services (in terms of understanding consumer needs) is relevant not only for the owners of Pas Automotive Repair Company, but also for the insurance companies, transportation and others. Through the data, a clear analysis of the various factors affecting the industry is evaluated. This leads to increased efficiency and consequently increased returns. Additionally, research of the subject carries a statistical and social nature, which makes it necessary to understand the consumer behavior, as well as their knowledge of the possible opportunities. Increasing Sales and Profits One of the main objectives of advertising is to augment sales and profits. Most companies nowadays employ advertising to impart people regarding their products and services. Some forms of advertising lend themselves more to producing immediate profits. This can be with adverts availed through Billboards. The company will process and markets their services under a brand name of Pas Automotive Repair Compan y. Encourage Trial and Usage Pas Automotive Repair Company will frequently use advertising to hearten trial and convention of new services they unveil to their customer. The company will lope their advertising to bring in their services to the public as well as their customers. The company will initiate public enticements to first-time service consumers and will work based on brand equity among techniques Forms of advertisement In any company as per the requirements of marketing strategies,

Project Selection using an integrated AHP Essay

Project Selection using an integrated AHP - Essay Example The comparisons are to comprehend using pair wise matrix which suits the criterion of the study. This model is competent of implement ting the AHP values and the consistency in the study and the time taken. The boundary of the study deals with the AHP as the process itself with much preferences given to the hierarchy models and the sub hierarchy models associated and the criteria and the sub criteria related.The predetermined scale of the process are to be taken into consideration and the pairwise matrix of the study and the numerical preference value of the same are to be considered. The methodology of the study mainly deal with the strategic objective, they include the qualitative and the quantitative method in the selection of the process. The main methods incorporated are the cost of the money, cost benefit analysis, pay back period, rate of return etc. As per the conclusion assessment and collection of projects before venture resolution is normally done using, technological and monetary information. In this study a new methodology is proposed and the easy decision making is done by selecting the best one. The factors that are needed in project evaluation are numerous. There are both independent as well as inter dependent factors which needs to be employed in project selection. The AHP analysis of projects consists of the evaluation of only independent factors in multicriteria decision making. The AHP model is a very appropriate model for project selection but all the dependent as well as independent factors should be correctly evaluated and measured. Each of the other alternative should be properly measured especially the project’s cost. Each of the alternative decisions needed in the AHP analysis should be measured through the cost incurred in the criteria and also the value generated through the decisive factor

Analysing Mearsheimers Critique Of Structural Realism Politics Essay

Analysing Mearsheimers Critique Of Structural Realism Politics Essay As discussed in the last section the Waltzian model of realism has had profound effects on international relations theory. However, even fellow realists have found problems and inconsistencies with Waltzs structural realism. John Mearsheimer is one of these theorists. He uses and adapts on Waltzs theory to paint a much more pessimistic and altogether darker picture of International relations theory. He expands on Waltzs idea of structure causing behaviour, but he rejects the status quo bias in Waltzs theory. (Mearsheimer, 2001, p. 20) Instead he favours a more aggressive form of state interaction forced by anarchic systems which lead states to become hegemonies. Mearsheimer still refers to himself as a structural realist because his assumptions are based on states acting in an anarchic system. While he uses Waltzs theory of structure he does have serious reservations about defensive realisms theoretical usefulness: Realist theories are invariably simple or parsimonious, which has an upside and a downside. Any simple theory, as we all know, can only explain so much about the world, because by definition it omits a variety of factors from its explanatory apparatus, and sometimes those factors matter a lot. (Mearsheimer, Booth, Wheeler, Williams, 2006, p. 107) He goes further to explain why this is a problem for Waltzs theory: My main problem with defensive realism is that it does not do a good job of explaining how the world actually works. It may be a good normative theory but it is not a good descriptive theory. (ibid., p. 111) Mearsheimer has attempted to rectify this problem by creating a new theory, or more accurately, amending the pre-existing theory. To do this he state the five key assumptions realism is based upon. The bulk of this section will attempt to critique his amendments to Waltzs structural realism and will attempt to show how they are also logically dubious. As stated in the previous section Waltz erred on the side of parsimony rather than providing a descriptive theory. (SÃ ¸rensen, 2011, p. 112) Mearsheimer starts his book with his five key assumptions, which he restates throughout his work. While he never explicitly ranks them, it is fair to say, based on his theory, that the following order is most important to least important. States are the key actors in World Politics and they operate in an anarchic system. Great powers invariably have some offensive military capability. States can never be certain whether other states have hostile intentions towards them. Great powers place a high premium on survival. States are rational actors who are reasonably effective at designing strategies that maximise their chances of survival. (ibid., pp. 362-363) Mearsheimer seems to add an addendum to his own work, that maximising chances for survival necessarily dictates that states are power-hungry. That they will attempt to gain power and try to achieve regional and perhaps global hegemony. He creates a set of mutually exclusive conditions tries to make them operate in concert to explain state behaviour. He claims in his book The Tragedy of Great Power Politics that the structure of the international system, not the particular characteristics of individual powers, causes them to think and act offensively and to seek hegemony. (ibid., p. 53) He argues that Waltzs self-help behaviour, created by security dilemmas within the international system, was not taken far enough. In anarchy the desire to survive encourages states to behave aggressively. (ibid., p. 54) He assumes that such behaviour does not accurately explain states primary motivation and that when given the opportunity that states will act to create superiority or hegemony. He make s very little effort to explain why an anarchic system forces these actions. He assumes that through a series of, arguably flawed, case studies that his reader will accept his assumption as an epistemological fact. This is counterintuitive when his first assumption of world politics tells that states act in anarchy. Mearsheimer explains that anarchy means that states have no higher authority above them. (2005, p. 2005) Hegemony is defined by Mearsheimer as a state that is so powerful that it dominates all the other states in the system. (2001, p. 40) This would then prioritize the hegemon and it would act as a higher authority in the international system. This could conceivably create a hierarchic international system. Mearsheimer rejects this, and contradicts the logical extension of his theoretical assumptions in the process, when describing the present international system; we are not moving towards a hierarchic international system, which would effectively mean some kind of world government. In fact, anarchy looks like it will be with us for a long time. (2001, p. 365) Mearsheimer seems to be suggesting throughout his work that the hegemon would not be an authority above the states but more of a primus inter pares. His reasoning for hegemonic growth is based in the security dilemma international relations presents. The ultimate goal being survival states will attempt to gain enough relative power that they cannot be threatened. (Wang, 2004, pp. 176-177) Nevertheless, there is still no compelling argument given to show how anarchy relates to hegemonic stability theory. This apparent contradiction between theoretical assumptions warrants further consideration. To provide a critique that is both succinct and effective it is reasonable to use a few fundamental shortcuts in the following examination. The first of these is that this critique will assume that Mearsheimers underlying theoretical assumptions are correct (within the reaches of his own theory). In particular his first assumption that the structure of world politics is anarchical and the underlying premise of his work that states seek power to enhance security and that hegemony is the ultimate goal are the two theoretical assumptions that will be focused on. The second is to assume that he is correct when he labels America as a regional hegemony. It is important to note that neither of these conditions are as clear cut or simple as Mearsheimer would seem to believe, indeed the first will be challenged throughout this section. The critique will be examining the relationship between the Europea n Union and America. It will question whether the primus inter pares relationship described above is real or if hegemonic stability theory is anathema to anarchic structures. To begin it should be noted that it is very hard to make the case that Europe is one homogenous entity subject to the same rules and responsibilities of a state. This argument is largely born as a hypothetical situation. The following situation is being used to demonstrate a logical inconsistency and contradiction within Mearsheimers theory. I intend to question Mearsheimers conception of state actions and anarchy. Without considering other influencing factors (given that almost all realists assume that states are the main actors) the main actor that will be discussed is Germany. The situation will use Mearsheimers own arguments regarding potential hegemonies and the actions existing hegemonies take to prevent their rise. Mearsheimer argues that economic and political interdependence would not be enough to secure the rise of Germany within Europe. (1994-1995, pp. 6-8) America is the deciding factor when it comes to preventing war in Europe. (ibid. 6-8, 47-49) This is the action of a hegemonic entity he argues. States that achieve regional Hegemony seek to prevent great powers in other regions from duplicating their feat. Thus the United States, for example, played a key role in preventing imperial Japan, Wilhelmine Germany, Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union from gaining regional supremacy. (Mearsheimer J. J., 2001, p. 41) He goes on to explain how this is relevant to the example: If a potential hegemon emerges among them, the other great powers in that region might be able to contain it by themselves, allowing the distant hegemon to remain safely on the sidelines. Of course, if the local great powers were unable to do the job, the distant hegemon would take the appropriate measures. (ibid., p. 41) Mearsheimer states that this form of state (it is worthwhile to point out that a hegemon is substantially different to a state this point will be expanded upon later in the section) behaviour is more about balancing power and preventing a potential threat becoming an actual threat. This is broadly in keeping with realist assumptions of state action. However, if the term balancing is replaced with policing, which is equally applicable, the action becomes problematic if the system is meant to remain anarchic. He does in fact explicitly state that the peace in Europe today, is the result of the American pacifier, not the establishment of a security community. (Mearsheimer, Booth, Wheeler, Williams, 2006, p. 116) This is not the role of a hegemonic balancing act. It is the imposition of order by the hegemon on other states. There is an argument to be made that it does balance a perceived future threat, that argument is, however, unconvincing. The security dilemma does not stipulate that a state respond to an implied threat, the only response warranted is when there is a de facto threat. The degree of economic integration and interdependence in Europe necessarily precludes Germany from seeking power as it would lead to negative gain. Mearsheimer oddly goes further than this when discussing this problem I think you have peace in western Europe because there is a higher authority that maintains order. There is a 911 to call: the United States. (2006, p. 121) The contradiction becomes apparent; anarchy is the absence of a higher authority, hegemony is the imposition of it. There is little doubt that Mearsheimer would disagree with this interpretation of hegemony as he would regard America acting as a global policeman (absent the need to balance an aggressively growing potential hegemon) as ill advised and contrary to the underlying assumptions of his theory. (2001, pp. 50-51) The reason this example is so confused is also born out of a contradiction implicit within Mearsheimers work. Germany could never be a potential hegemon, irrespective of historical imperatives. The reasons for this are apparent in Mearsheimers own work the rational actor assumption would seem to stop a state from taking an action where the costs outweigh the potential gains. (ibid. p.37) This means, largely due to the level of economic interdependence that Germany is not likely to become an expansionistic power. The contradiction that comes out is that while the buffer that America provides (which Mearsheimer disagrees with profoundly (2006, pp. 118-121)) is not a response to a potential hegemon it is the imposition of hegemonic strength. However, this contradiction does not detract from the problem of hegemonic dominance necessarily translating the anarchic system into a hierarchical one. Quite aside from that particular theoretical inconsistency, there is a problem with Mearsheimers power lust vs. balancing theory. He has three conditions that control this form of state action: Great powers try to expand only when opportunities arise. They do so when the benefits clearly exceed the risks and costs. They will desist from expansion when blocked and wait for a more propitious moment (Snyder, 2002, p. 153) The causal root of this competitive balancing is deeply rooted in the structure (or so we are lead to believe) anarchy forces each state to assume a security dilemma. This is argument is never truly pursued in his work, it is assumed that the self-help nature that Ken Waltz puts forward and this security problem is the driver for the state action. When examined this explanation of state action is completely unsatisfactory. Richard Rosecrance explains the problem of this form of state action. At the turn of the century, the United States passed Great Britain without war. In economic terms, Japan moved ahead of the Soviet Union in 1983 but neither country was tempted to fight over the transition. The German rise vis-a-vis Britain at the end of the nineteenth century would not have been a problem had it not been that the Kaiser decided to build a great navy and challenge Britain both at home and overseas. If Germany had remained a land power as it opted to do under Bismarck it would not have caused British opposition or provoked an arms race. (2006, p. 32) Britain, from the mid 19th century to the start of the First World War was the regional hegemony. It had almost complete control of the sea and a huge empire to support itself. Both America and Wilhelmine Germany were potential regional hegemonies. Britain did not in any way try to challenge their growth. Similarly the Soviet Union did not balance the growing hegemony of Japan. This seems to ignore both the rational actor model and hegemonic stability theory, both of which are key parts Mearsheimers theory. Mearsheimers work on offensive realism is riddled with mutual exclusions and contradictions. It does still remain an interesting theory; it attempts to add broader explanatory assumptions to a set of normative principles. The problem is that the theory attempts to do too much. It tries to explain state motivations and actions as well as the outcomes produced. It, however, uses very narrow ontological assumptions to provide explanation. We are presented with the idea that states have a will to power driven by a security threat which is in turn driven by the anarchical system. Mearsheimer does not explain coherently why an anarchic structure forces states into such an aggressive competition, he serves it up as an epistemological fact and an eternal truth. With these problems in mind, it is also important to remember that Mearsheimer theory does cover some aspects of international relations. The addition of the rational actor model is likely a positive change in realist perspective, wit h the caveat that states can act irrationally at times. This section has provided a critique of Mearsheimers work using his own theories and examples. I have tried to remain as constant to Mearsheimers own theoretical assumptions as possible. While by no means conclusive it does serve to illustrate some severe problems with the theory that need to be rectified. The validity of his core assumptions are not what I have questioned, it is the underlying addition to these assumptions of hegemonic stability theory that I strongly disagree with. While Mearsheimer does give empirical evidence to support his claims, the validity of this evidence is up for debate.

Buyer and Seller Relationship in the retail industry Essay

1. Introduction For many years buyers and sellers in the clothing retail sector have been battling to answer the question as to why it is difficult to build a steady relationship with one another. This can be due to the knowledge gap that there is in a lack of understanding on the issue. We aim to thoroughly associate the concepts of Collaboration, Information Sharing, Joint Relationship Effort, Dedicated Investments, Commitment and Trust, Satisfaction and Performance with the different buyer – seller relationships that exist in the clothing retail sector. Thus the problem being investigated is the unsteady relationship that exists in the clothing retail sector between buyers and sellers. The study will be using a survey consisting of 37 questions that will be issued to buyers in the industry. A sample size of 500 clothing companies will be used in Cape Town, South Africa which was selected to answer the surveys. The research method is quantitative in nature. Thus the study aims to carefully examine how buyers and sellers interact within the supply chain relationship. Some papers have touched on supply chain relationship issues, but have not done the association with these particular concepts our study aims to use. The main objective of our research is to provide buyers and sellers with the necessary information to assist them as to why there are certain imperfections in the relationship. 2. Literature Review Some research has be done on the concepts collaboration, information sharing, joint relationship effort, dedicated investments, commitment and trust, satisfaction and performance, which gave an insight to how these variables develop, change and how they are maintained in the context of buyer-seller relationship. Therefore for the purpose of this study twelve (12) articles written in the context of buyer and seller relationship will be used to define and explain the above mentioned concepts and how it is used throughout our research study. Collaboration Collaboration can be defined as latest development in supply chain management which involves the process of working together with your suppliers, business partners or clientele in achieving a common goal that benefits all parties (McLaren, Head & Yuan, 2002). Ellinger, Daugherty & Keller (2000) observed what exactly links marketing and logistics within a company’s integration, as well as measures of performance that are both objective and subjective in nature. They found and identified collaboration as a variable that impacts a relationship in a progressive way in that it increases sharing information and ideas and leads to partners functioning together. Information sharing McLaren, Head & Yuan (2000) has identified information sharing as the exchange of important company information with your supply chain partner for purposes that would assist each partner in the future. McLaren et al. (2002) discusses how a partnership between the buyer and seller can be beneficial for both parties where information sharing is of key importance. Their findings were that, creating partnerships between buyers and sellers were beneficial for both parties and that the success of information sharing depends on the type and size of the company as well as which mechanism they used for information sharing. Joint relationship effort Joint relationship effort refers to the combined determination and drive that is put into collaboration between buyers and sellers. Monczka, Petersen, Handfield & Ragatz (1998) argued for example that when task organisation is performed between buyers and sellers, the buyer can then form a perceptive trust in their partner’s abilities which will later form a solid trust in their relationship. Dedicated investments Knemeyer, Corsi & Murphy (2003) defined dedicated investments as particular  resources and goods that are transferred to another party that is highly important towards producing services and products. They tried to prove that there are different levels of partnership development in logistics management by research done by previous researchers who have also done research on the existing topic and if there is in fact a difference between these levels. Their findings were that the more trust there is within the relationship, the more partners invest in the relationship which directly increases dedicated investment. Commitment and trust Commitment refers to buyers and sellers engaging themselves and maintaining a working relationship in a way that will benefit both their own organisation and the company they have an association with. Trust refers to the reliance, surety, confidence or ability in a person or thing. In this case, it is having the reliance, surety, confidence or ability in the working relationship of one or more organisations. Mohr and Spekman (1994) was the first to find that trust and commitment are of utmost importance in a buyer – seller relationship, and that these factors lead to the success of the relationship. Satisfaction and Performance Satisfaction can be defined as referred to Mohr & Spekman (1994) as the completion of a task by which the involved party is pleased with the quality and degree of work carried out and it meets the standard set by the partners. Performance on the other hand can be defined as the completion of a task by a degree higher than specifications set out by the individual involved. Mohr & Spekman (1994) argued that the buyer-seller relationship is a partnership which generates satisfaction when performance expectations have been achieved. A study had been conducted and showed that commitment and co-ordination are positively associated with satisfaction and an increase in profits would bring about satisfaction among those parties involved in the supply chain 3. Research Hypotheses The hypotheses are constructed with a purpose of assisting in answering the research question, which is seeks to find The Nature of Buyer-Seller Relationships in the Retail Sector. Based on the review of the relevant literature, our hypotheses are based on some of the important variables that exist in the supply chain relationships. The relationship variables focused on are: commitment and trust, performance, satisfaction, joint relationship effort and collaboration, and will be shown using the relevant hypotheses. These relationships form the basis of the research propositions that will be tested in the duration of this study. H1: Commitment and trust has a positive impact on collaboration. Since committed partners make an effort to achieve the goals of their business relationship, high levels of commitment are most likely to produce a good collaborated relationship. H2: Performance has a positive impact on collaboration. The strength of collaboration in a supply chain relationship depends on the power of the chain performance: short-term (performance within one year), medium-term (performance over one to three years) and long-term (performance over two to five years). H3: Satisfaction has a positive impact on collaboration. The extent to which the buyers and sellers in the supply chain relationship are satisfied, determines the strength of their relationship. Thus, when both parties are satisfied with the collaboration, their relationship will produce good results. H4: Joint relationship effort has a positive impact on collaboration. By engaging in a joint relationship effort that involves sharing resources and capabilities, buyers and sellers can achieve a profitable collaboration that they cannot create alone. 4. Research Methodology An exploratory-descriptive study was conducted to write this research report. The context selected for this study focused on the clothing retail sector. The unit of analysis in this study was the nature of buyer and seller relationship in the clothing retail sector. We focused on the buyer’s perceptions of the relationship as we were unable to collect data from both buyer and seller. Even though having data collected from both parties would have been more beneficial, time and finances were a constraint and had to be taken into consideration; therefore it resulted in focusing on one side of the relationship. Internet searches of various clothing companies were compiled. Each company was contacted by telephone so that we would be able to speak directly to a clothing buyer. They were notified beforehand as to the purpose of this study and that their participation would be fundamental in completing this research report. The clothing buyer had the choice as to receiving the questionnaire via email or an interview. Most questionnaires were sent via email as buyers had other commitments as well and preferred this form of communication. A sum of 500 questionnaires was sent to various companies within the clothing retail sector, of which, only 106 (response rate of 21%) responses were received that was used for analysis. This response rate was lower than we had anticipated but we had to work with the data provided and continue the process as it was a busy period for most buyers at that time. The surveys were coded and then uploaded on a spreadsheet as it was simpler to analyse the data and descriptive statistics had been implemented to construct the necessary graphs that would conclude the findings. The following chart was designed to illustrate the response rate of the survey. Figure 1: Percentage of Responses Coded 5. Data analysis and Findings In this section of the report there will be a detailed discussion on the data collected in the survey as well as a representation of the findings. There will be a detailed analysis of the hypothesis tested and also an explanation of how the findings were derived. To complete the report 500 surveys were distributed to companies across South Africa. Only 106 of the companies responded but there were a number of biases. With regards to the nature of the relationship with supplier 5 respondents didn’t answer, under the sections joint relationship effort, dedicated investments and commitment and  trust there was 1 respondent who didn’t answer the questions. Under the satisfaction section 7 answers were left blank and 2 of the questions were answered with incorrectly. Under the performance section 8 answers were left blank. The following table was designed to displaying the mean, median, mode and range. Below is the table 1 showing all the data. MEAN MEDIAN MODE RANGE 1. NO. YEARS AT COMPANY 8.738095 7 5 38 2. NO. YEARS IN CURRENT POSITION 6.629482 4 1 37 3. NO. YEARS WITH SUPPLIER 12.016 10 10 60 Table 1: Mean, median, mode, range, standard deviation The first row in the table 1 above illustrates the number of years the respondent has been with the company. This information shows that the average amount of years a respondent has been with the company is 8.738095 years, the middle frequent response was 7 years, the most frequent response was 5 years and the difference between the respondent who has been with the company the least amount of years and most amount of years is 38 years. Since the respondents have a number of years with the company it means that they are familiar with the company’s way of business, how they deal with suppliers, who all the suppliers are and also the type of relationship they have with the suppliers. The second row illustrates the number of years the respondents have been in the company. It shows that the average amount of years a respondent has been with the company is 6.629482 years, the middle frequent response was 4 years, the most frequent response was 1 year and the difference between the respondent who has been with the company the least amount of years and most amount of years is 37 years. The high number of years that some of the respondents have been in their current positions gives an indication the information given is reliable and that it will aid in answering the question at hand. The third row depicts the number of years the company has spent with the supplier. It shows that the average amount of years a respondent has been with the company is 12.016 years, the middle frequent response was 10 years, the most frequent response was 10 years and the difference between the respondent who has been with the company the least amount of years and most amount of years is 60 years. The high number of years with same supplier shows that the information collected depicts a mature relationship between the buyer and the seller. Seeing that the relationship is matured the main focus of both the buyer and the seller would then be to continue to build on the relationship so that they can be in business for even more years to come. The following chart illustrates the position of the respondents which in turn goes with the number of years the respondents have been in their current position. It shows that 5% are CEO’s, 1% COO’s, 7% directors, 10% sales manager’s or supervisors, 12% other employee’s and 48% buyer’s. The fact that such a high number of the respondents are buyers displays that the questions answered are quite accurate since they have a good understanding of the relationship with the supplier. The buyer’s best understand the relationship with the supplier and since the study at hand is looking at the collaboration of buyers and sellers, the information gathered will have a great impact in answering the given hypothesis. Figure 2: Current position Commitment and Trust Figure 3: Degree of respondents to questions about commitment and trust Description The above data represents responses pertaining to questions about commitment and trust amongst buyers and their suppliers in supply chain relationships in the clothing sector. The graph illustrates whether the buyers agree or disagree to the extent of commitment they have with their suppliers. The x-axis of the graph represents the scales between strongly disagree and strongly agree. Meanwhile, the y-axis of the graph represents the response scores of the buyers. Analysis When assessing the data, it is evident that seven hundred and forty one (741) responses were obtained in the commitment and trust section of the questionnaire. Taking a closer look at the responses, it is evident that 4% of the respondents strongly disagree that commitment and trust have a positive impact on collaboration. Meanwhile, 6% of the respondents have a neutral opinion, and 90% of the respondents strongly agree to the questions. The low 4% might have been supported by the fact that their companies are in business on a short-term basis. Thus, they do not foresee the business relationship continuing for a long time, very little investment has been injected to their relationship, thus commitment is very low. The slowly rising 6% response rate could have been due to the fact that buyers are not certain where their loyalties lie with that certain supplier. Another factor could be because they are still in early business with the supplier, so the supplier’s commitment and trust to the buyer’s company have not reached maximum levels yet. The very high response rate of 90% can be influenced by various factors. The supplier is genuinely concerned that the buyer’s company succeeds; buyers expect the business relationship to continue for a long time; the buyers are committed to their supplier; effort and investment have been made to build their relationship; they expect the relationships to strengthen over time, etc. These factors prove that these buyers support the hypotheses stated, that commitment and trust have a positive impact on collaboration. Therefore, this data proves Mohr and Spekman (1994) correct when they found that trust and commitment are of utmost importance in a buyer – seller relationship, and that these factors lead to the success of the relationship. Performance Figure 4: Degree of respondents to questions about performance Description The graph depicts the responses of clothing buyers to four questions relating to performance being a factor of a successful collaboration among buyer and seller relationships. The horizontal axis(x – axis) illustrates the Likert scale from 1 – 7 which ranges from strongly disagree to strongly agree. The vertical axis(y – axis) depicts the score, which is the cumulative responses received from the clothing buyers. The above graphical representation shows the movements of responses to a set of questions aimed at performance and just by glancing at the graph; one can already notice that most respondents (about 74%) strongly agree that performance has a positive impact on collaboration. Analysis When assessing the data it can be seen that four hundred sixteen (416) responses were received that answered this section of the questionnaire. However on a scale of 1 – 3, 12% respondents strongly disagreed with the notion of performance enhances collaboration, 14%(scale 4) were neutral and 74 %( scale 5 – 7) strongly agreed on most of the questions that had been asked. The reasons that may have led to a 12% response rate could be that the buyers never had one focal supplier or were not in a long business relationship to determine if the relationship affected the business’s overall performance. Furthermore, the 74% response rate may have led to buyers agreeing with H2: performance has a positive impact on collaboration, as their relationship with the seller may have contributed to the increased performance of the overall relationship and company. Other factors contributing to the 74% response rate might have been that the relationship, reduced cycle times, improved order processing accuracy as well as punctual delivery of goods, this in turn increased the accuracy of forecasts that may have been conducted. According to Ellinger, Daugherty &Keller (2000) performance may be conceptualized as the extent to which the firm’s goals are achieved, and as illustrated in the above graph the percentage of respondents that strongly agreed already indicates that performance aids in positive collaboration which in turn would allow firms goals to be met effectively. Joint Relationship Effort Figure 5: Degree of Respondents to questions about joint relationship effort Description The above bar graph describes the number of respondents (clothing buyers) that disagree or agree that joint relationship plays an important factor in the buyer and seller relationship in the clothing sector. Respondents had to choose between a scale of 1 till 7 by which 1 stipulates strongly disagree and 7 refers to strongly agree. Thereafter the data was grouped together according to the number of individuals that did choose between the scales of  1 till 7. Respondents were asked three questions relating to joint relationship effort. These were as follows , whether the firm and supplier has: 1) joint teams 2) conduct joint planning to anticipate and resolve operational problems and whether they make 3) joint decisions about improving overall cost efficiency. When looking at the results, one can see that 49 respondents had a neutral view regarding joint relationship and 74 of the respondents strongly agrees that joint relationship plays an important role in the buyer and seller rel ationship. Analysis When assessing the data it can be seen that 307 responses were received that answered this section of the questionnaire. However on a scale of 1-3, 25% respondents strongly disagreed with the notion of joint relationship that enhances collaboration, 16% (scale 4) were neutral and 62% (scale 5-7) strongly agrees on most of the questions that had been asked. The reason that has led to a 25% response rate can be due to buyers and suppliers does not have joint teams and thus do not plan together as a team. Therefore they do not know the benefits of having joint teams. Therefore this data show case a broad view regarding joint relationship effort as being an important variable as the graph has an upward trend. Furthermore, the response rate of 62% may have led to buyers agreeing with H4: joint relationship effort has a positive impact on collaboration, as their effort and commitment in creating joint teams and planning together might have improved collaboration between buyer and supplier. Satisfaction Figure 6: Responses to Satisfaction in the Clothing Industry Description The above graph describes the number of respondents (clothing buyers) that disagree or agree that satisfaction plays an important factor in the buyer and supplier relationship in the clothing sector. Respondents had to choose  between a scale of 1 till 7 by which 1 stipulates strongly disagree and 7 refers to strongly agree. Thereafter the data was grouped together according to the number of individuals that did choose between the scales of 1 till 7. Respondents were asked eight (8) questions relating to satisfaction. The questions were as followed: whether the buyer was satisfied with the relationship in terms of 1) coordination of activities 2) participation in decision making, 3) level of commitment 4) level of information sharing 5) management of activities 6) profitability 7) market share and 8) sales growth. When looking at the results, one can see that 153 respondents had a neutral view regarding satisfaction and 448 of the respondents strongly agrees that satisfaction plays an important role in the buyer and supplier relationship. Analysis When assessing the data it can be seen that 1508 responses were received that answered this section of the questionnaire. However on a scale of 1-3, 6% respondents strongly disagreed with the notion of satisfaction enhances collaboration, 10% (scale 4) were neutral and 84% (scale 5-7) strongly agrees on most of the questions that had been asked. The reason that led to a 6% response rate can be due to buyers and suppliers having a young business relationship and thus not reaching satisfaction levels as yet. When looking at the data, the response rate of 84% may have led buyers agreeing with H3: satisfaction has a positive impact on collaboration. This can be due to respondents identifying market share and sales growth as being two of the most important factors being satisfied by the supplier. This relates to a study done by Mohr & Spekman (1994) as they identified the completion of a task by which the involved party is pleased with the quality and degree of work carried out and it meets the standard set by the partners, market share and sales growth being the standard set by the buyer. 6. Conclusion As mentioned above the problem being researched was the knowledge gap between buyers and sellers perspective of the nature of the supply chain relationship. The research study conducted on the nature of buyer-seller  relationship in the clothing industry was a lengthy procedure that involved plentiful of consultations and analysis of the data obtained. However, we have concluded that our data findings have committed to the hypotheses mentioned in the research report. As previously mentioned time and finances were major constraints for the duration of the study hence the weak response rate of 21%. Some of the other constraints were the buyers having their own responsibilities because of the short time frame given in which to complete the survey. In addition, 50% of the buyers were reluctant to answer some of the questions as they contained confidential company information. Furthermore, the report only focused on the buyers’ perspective of the relationship. 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